超高压清洗机由高压泵或增压器产生超高压水，通过旋转手持枪、喷嘴等射出超音速水流，水射流作用于物体表面时，因其原有的速度和方向发生变化（即动量发生改变），故产生了对物体的打击力，而这种打击力会冲蚀、剥层、切除物体表面的积垢，从而达到清洗目的，由于是以“水”为介质进行作业，一般不添加化学药剂，清洗后的垢物不溶于水、易分离，大大减少了废水的排放，且为湿式作业，无粉尘污染的优势，尤其是在石化行业中对易燃易爆的残留物进行清洗时，具有防爆的特点。
Ultra-high pressure water is produced by high-pressure pump or supercharger, and supersonic water flow is emitted by rotating hand-held gun, nozzle, etc. When the water jet acts on the surface of the object, its original speed and direction change (that is, momentum changes), so the impact force on the object is generated, and this impact force will erode, peel off and remove the scale on the surface of the object, so as to achieve the purpose of cleaning, Because the operation is carried out with "water" as the medium, no chemical agent is generally added. The scale after cleaning is insoluble in water and easy to separate, which greatly reduces the discharge of waste water. It is a wet operation, which has the advantage of no dust pollution. Especially when cleaning flammable and explosive residues in the petrochemical industry, it has the characteristics of safety and explosion protection.
超高压清洗机与普通的高压清洗机不同，由于超高压水具有的水能量极大，并且能量集中，几乎可以轻松剥离任何污垢，除垢效率可达到95%以上，能够有效如锈蚀、氧化皮、油污、结垢等物质。化工设备生产过程中，由于介质的物理化学作用或流动使化工设备（发生器、换热器、反应釜、储罐、管道）形成的污垢十分坚硬、顽固，致使污垢必须采用100~200Mpa或200Mpa以上的超高压水射流才能清洗掉，所以超高压清洗机在化工行业备受青睐。

The ultra-high pressure cleaning machine is different from the ordinary high-pressure cleaning machine. Because the ultra-high pressure water has great water energy and concentrated energy, it can easily remove any dirt. The scale removal efficiency can reach more than 95%, and it can effectively remove substances such as rust, scale, oil and scale. During the production of chemical equipment, the dirt formed by chemical equipment (generator, heat exchanger, reactor, storage tank, pipeline) is very hard and stubborn due to the physical and chemical action or flow of the medium, so that the dirt can only be cleaned with ultra-high pressure water jet of 100-200Mpa or above, so the ultra-high pressure cleaner is very popular in the chemical industry.
但以往对于超高压清洗机的生产与研发，国内技术落后，虽然能够通过进口的方式进行采购，但昂贵、采购成本高，远不能满足我国化工行业日益发展的需要，随着国内对高压水射流技术的深度研究，超高压清洗机逐渐在国内普及，但受技术限制，国内超高压清洗机生产水平普遍不高。
However, in the past, the production and research and development of ultra-high pressure washing machines were backward in domestic technology. Although they could be purchased through import, they were expensive and costly, and far from meeting the needs of the growing development of China's chemical industry. With the in-depth study of high-pressure water jet technology in China, ultra-high pressure washing machines were gradually popularized in China. However, due to technical limitations, the production level of domestic ultra-high pressure washing machines was generally low.
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