一、合理设置清洗参数​

1、 Reasonably set cleaning parameters

超声波频率：一般来说，频率越高，空化作用越弱，对工具损伤越小，但清洗力也会相应降低。对于精密、易损工具，如电子元器件，可选择较高频率（80kHz - 120kHz）；而对于表面较粗糙、污垢顽固的普通金属工具，可选用较低频率（20kHz - 40kHz）。例如，清洗集成电路板时，80kHz 以上的频率既能有效去除微小灰尘和杂质，又能避免因空化作用过强损坏芯片引脚。​

Ultrasonic frequency: Generally speaking, the higher the frequency, the weaker the cavitation effect and the less damage to the tool, but the cleaning force will also decrease accordingly. For precision and vulnerable tools such as electronic components, higher frequencies (80kHz -120kHz) can be chosen; For ordinary metal tools with rough surfaces and stubborn dirt, lower frequencies (20kHz -40kHz) can be used. For example, when cleaning integrated circuit boards, frequencies above 80kHz can effectively remove small dust and impurities while avoiding damage to chip pins due to excessive cavitation. ​

清洗时间：过长清洗时间会增加工具受空化作用影响的时长，加大损伤概率。对于轻度污染的工具，清洗时间控制在 5 - 10 分钟；中度污染的 10 - 20 分钟；重度污染的也不宜超过 30 分钟。例如，日常使用的普通金属扳手，若只是表面有轻微油污，5 分钟左右的清洗时间即可满足清洁需求。​

Cleaning time: Excessive cleaning time will increase the duration of tool exposure to cavitation and increase the probability of damage. For tools with mild pollution, the cleaning time should be controlled within 5-10 minutes; 10-20 minutes of moderate pollution; Heavy pollution should not exceed 30 minutes. For example, a regular metal wrench used in daily life, if only has a slight oil stain on the surface, can be cleaned in about 5 minutes to meet the cleaning needs. ​

温度：适当提高温度可增强清洗剂活性，提高清洗效率，但过高温度可能对工具材质产生影响。对于大多数金属工具，清洗温度在 40℃ - 60℃较为适宜；塑料工具则需控制在其热变形温度以下，一般为 30℃ - 50℃。如 PVC 材质的塑料工具，清洗温度超过 50℃就可能发生软化变形。​

Temperature: Increasing the temperature appropriately can enhance the activity of the cleaning agent and improve cleaning efficiency, but excessively high temperatures may have an impact on the material of the tool. For most metal tools, a cleaning temperature of 40 ℃ -60 ℃ is more suitable; Plastic tools need to be controlled below their thermal deformation temperature, usually between 30 ℃ and 50 ℃. Plastic tools made of PVC material may soften and deform when cleaned at temperatures exceeding 50 ℃. ​

二、正确放置工具​

2、 Proper placement of tools

工具在清洗篮中的摆放方式会影响清洗效果与损伤风险。工具之间应保持一定间距，避免相互碰撞，尤其是尖锐部位不能直接接触其他工具表面。对于细长工具，如钻头，应采用悬挂方式清洗，防止其在清洗过程中因震动与清洗篮或其他工具摩擦。同时，工具的开口、小孔等部位应朝下或侧向，便于污垢排出，减少超声波反射造成的局部损伤。

The placement of tools in the cleaning basket can affect the cleaning effect and the risk of damage. Tools should maintain a certain distance between each other to avoid collision, especially sharp parts that cannot directly contact the surface of other tools. For slender tools such as drill bits, suspension cleaning should be used to prevent them from rubbing against the cleaning basket or other tools due to vibration during the cleaning process. At the same time, the openings, small holes, and other parts of the tool should face downwards or sideways to facilitate the discharge of dirt and reduce local damage caused by ultrasonic reflection.

三、及时的取出

3、 Timely retrieval

清洗完成后，应尽快取出工具。长时间浸泡在清洗液中，即使超声波停止工作，清洗液仍可能对工具产生腐蚀作用，特别是在清洗液呈酸性或碱性的情况下。取出工具后，立即用干净的压缩空气吹干，或放入干燥箱中烘干。对于易生锈的金属工具，可在吹干后涂抹一层薄薄的防锈油，如机械加工用的刀具，清洗烘干后涂抹防锈油，能有效防止在后续存放过程中生锈。

After cleaning, the tool should be removed as soon as possible. Long term immersion in cleaning solution, even if ultrasonic waves stop working, the cleaning solution may still corrode the tool, especially when the cleaning solution is acidic or alkaline. After removing the tool, immediately dry it with clean compressed air or put it in a drying oven for drying. For metal tools that are prone to rusting, a thin layer of anti rust oil can be applied after drying. For tools used in mechanical processing, applying anti rust oil after cleaning and drying can effectively prevent rusting during subsequent storage.

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